Hybrid PV: Photovoltaic power plant with batteries

The concept of a hybrid photovoltaic power plant
This is a photovoltaic power plant that, in addition to photovoltaic panels and an inverter, also has battery storage. Its converter (or inverter) can control the drawing of electricity from multiple sources – from PV panels, from battery storage in the house, and from the public distribution network.

This is used to cover power peaks beyond the converter's capacity or to supplement energy when there is insufficient sunlight.

HFVEs are highly efficient systems that, thanks to batteries, use up to 95% of the electricity they generate for the building's needs. For family homes with an annual consumption of up to approx. 15 MWh, HFVEs with a capacity of up to approx. 10 kWp are suitable.

In addition to the high utilization of self-generated energy, hybrid photovoltaic systems have another major advantage – the possibility of so-called "island operation", i.e. operation during a power grid outage.

In practice, this means that in the event of a power outage, the HFVE can supply energy to backup appliances in the house or even the entire house.

What to do with surplus energy?
In the past, HFVE systems operated in such a way that the electricity generated that was not consumed in the house and overflowed through the electricity meter into the public grid did not bring any benefit or financial gain to the operator. Now you can further utilize the energy you do not consume.

A commonly used method is a commercial product known as a "virtual battery", which, for a regular fee, allows you to use 100% of the energy you generate, including any excess. This product is suitable for households with electricity consumption greater than the PV system's output. These are usually buildings heated by electric boilers, heat pumps, or electric floor heating.

The second option is to sell the surplus production. The distributor will generate a code for you, which allows you to sell the electricity you produce and thus amortize the investment in the power plant. This solution is suitable for buildings with production greater than annual consumption, e.g., with gas heating or in low-energy or passive buildings. You can sell the surplus to a different trader than the one from whom you purchase electricity.

The third option is SPOT sales, which means that you buy and sell energy at current market prices. This solution is suitable for buildings where consumption can be planned for periods of the lowest market prices and, conversely, you would have surpluses at times of the highest purchase market prices, thus maximizing your profit from the electricity sold.

The last option is within the framework of so-called community energy, where you can "transfer" your generated energy in real time to another building or receive energy from another building – from a group of so-called active customers or energy communities.

Administration associated with your own batteries
This type of hybrid photovoltaic power plant is used in buildings with an electrical connection. It is therefore necessary to connect the power plants to the distribution network and obtain the consent of the distributor. This can be done in several ways.

The most common is to apply for connection of a micro-source with overflow to the grid, provided that the power plant is less than 10 kWp and has the appropriate technology.

The second option is a so-called simplified connection, i.e. without overflow to the grid. This form of connection is mainly used in places where the distribution network does not have sufficient capacity and is therefore unable to accommodate any overflow from the power plant, or where your technology does not meet the conditions for connection to the distribution system.

The third option is to connect the PV system as an electricity generator. This category includes power plants with a capacity of over 10 kWp.

Battery systems in our offer
Our company, Green Energy Trading, offers a wide range of battery systems from leading global manufacturers such as KSTAR, SolaX, Dyness, GoodWe, and others.